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Outline
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A global plant information portal
  • Brian Enquist Lab
  • Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
  • University of Arizona
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Outline
  • 1. Linking theory and pattern in plant ecology
  • 2. Model for a global plant information portal
  • 3. Applying the model: SALVIAS
  • 4. How SALVIAS works
  • 5. Example
  • 6. Recent analyses


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Who’s involved?
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1.

The challenge: linking theory and pattern in plant ecology
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Allometric theory: Scaling upward from cell-level kinetics to community biomass and productivity
  • Kinetics of fluid-transport limit growth and biomass in plants and animals
    • West, G.B., Brown, J.H., & B.E. Enquist.  1997.  A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology.  Science 276: 122-126.
  • Population density predicted by biomass
    • Enquist, B.E., Brown, J.H., & G.B. West.  Allometric scaling of plant energetics and population density.  Nature 395: 163-165.
  • Community composition obeys simple scaling laws
    • Enquist, B.J. and K.J. Niklas.   2002. Global allocation rules for biomass partitioning in seed plants. Science 295:1517-1520.
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Allometry: predictive rules that scale to a few simple properties, such as body size
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Allometry: predictive rules that scale to a few simple properties, such as body size
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Allometry: predictive rules that scale to a few simple properties, such as body size
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Allometry: provides a mechanistic link between physical environment (energy supply) and properties of individuals, populations, communities, and species
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Allometry: provides a mechanistic link between physical environment (energy supply) and properties of individuals, populations, communities, and species
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Allometry: provides a mechanistic link between physical environment (energy supply) and properties of individuals, populations, communities, and species
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Allometry: provides a mechanistic link between physical environment (energy supply) and properties of individuals, populations, communities, and species
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Initial tests are promising...
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But further tests will require data on...
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But further tests will require data on...
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But further tests will require data on...
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But further tests will require data on...
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2.

Meeting the challenge:
Model for a global plant information portal
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3.

Applying the model:
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What is SALVIAS?
  • Web-based information portal
  • MySQL database and Java-language utilities running on a Unix server
  • Links plant inventory & specimen data
  • Combines locally-held databases with links to external sources of data
  • Meta-search engine compiles specimen information from online herbarium databases
  • Utilities for taxonomic interpretation & geocoordinate estimation
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What is SALVIAS?
  • Web-based information portal
  • MySQL database and Java-language utilities running on a Unix server
  • Links plant inventory & specimen data
  • Combines locally-held databases with links to external sources of data
  • Meta-search engine compiles specimen information from online herbarium databases
  • Utilities for taxonomic interpretation & geocoordinate estimation
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What is SALVIAS?
  • Web-based information portal
  • MySQL database and Java-language utilities running on a Unix server
  • Links plant inventory & specimen data
  • Combines locally-held databases with links to external sources of data
  • Meta-search engine compiles specimen information from online herbarium databases
  • Utilities for taxonomic interpretation & geocoordinate estimation
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What is SALVIAS?
  • Web-based information portal
  • MySQL database and Java-language utilities running on a Unix server
  • Links plant inventory & specimen data
  • Combines locally-held databases with links to external sources of data
  • Meta-search engine compiles specimen information from online herbarium databases
  • Utilities for taxonomic interpretation & geocoordinate estimation
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What is SALVIAS?
  • Web-based information portal
  • MySQL database and Java-language utilities running on a Unix server
  • Links plant inventory & specimen data
  • Combines locally-held databases with searching of  external sources of data
  • Meta-search engine compiles specimen information from online herbarium databases
  • Utilities for taxonomic interpretation & geocoordinate estimation
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What is SALVIAS?
  • Web-based information portal
  • MySQL database and Java-language utilities running on a Unix server
  • Links plant inventory & specimen data
  • Combines locally-held databases with searching of  external sources of data
  • Utilities for taxonomic interpretation & geocoordinate estimation
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What is SALVIAS?
  • Web-based information portal
  • MySQL database and Java-language utilities running on a Unix server
  • Links plant inventory & specimen data
  • Combines locally-held databases with searching of  external sources of data
  • Utilities for taxonomic interpretation & geocoordinate estimation
  • Open source!
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Why SALVIAS?
  • Facilitate research into plant function, evolution, and diversity by providing:


  • 1. A central database where currently inaccessible data (e.g., inventories) can be deposited, managed, and accessed


  • 2. Informatics tools for accessing and linking existing sources of information on plant distribution, demography, and physiology


  • 3. Full searching and downloading of all data in sinlge, standardized format (e.g., spread sheets, delimited text, xml)
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Why SALVIAS?
  • Promote research into plant function, evolution, and diversity by providing:


  • 1. A central database where currently inaccessible data (e.g., inventories) can be deposited, managed, and accessed


  • 2. Informatics tools for accessing and linking existing sources of information on plant distribution, demography, and physiology


  • 3. Full searching and downloading of all data in sinlee, standardized format (e.g., spread sheets, delimited text, xml)
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Why SALVIAS?
  • Promote research into plant function, evolution, and diversity by providing:


  • 1. A central database where currently inaccessible data (e.g., inventories) can be deposited, managed, and accessed


  • 2. Informatics tools for accessing and linking existing sources of information on plant distribution, demography, and physiology


  • 3. Full searching and downloading of all data in sinlee, standardized format (e.g., spread sheets, delimited text, xml)
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Why SALVIAS?
  • Promote research into plant function, evolution, and diversity by providing:


  • 1. A central database where currently inaccessible data (e.g., inventories) can be deposited, managed, and accessed


  • 2. Informatics tools for accessing and linking existing sources of information on plant distribution, demography, and physiology


  • 3. Full searching and downloading of all data in sinlee, standardized format (e.g., spread sheets, delimited text, xml)
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Why SALVIAS?
  • Promote research into plant function, evolution, and diversity by providing:


  • 1. A central database where currently inaccessible data (e.g., inventories) can be deposited, managed, and accessed


  • 2. Informatics tools for accessing and linking existing sources of information on plant distribution, demography, and physiology


  • 3. Searching and downloading of data in fully delimited, standardized formats (e.g., spreadsheets, text, xml)
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Why SALVIAS?
  • A potentially powerful research tool for:


  • Systematics
    • compiling range maps
    • resolving nomenclatural problems




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Why SALVIAS?
  • A potentially powerful research tool for:


  • Systematics
    • compiling range maps
    • resolving nomenclatural problems


  • Conservation
    • assessing community diversity at a global scale
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Precedents
  • Web-accessible specimen databases


  • TROPICOS
  • INBio (Costa Rica)
  • Numerous small institutions (e.g., UBC, ASU)


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Precedents
  • Distributed query engines


  • Species Analyst
  • The Virtual Herbarium (Australia)
  • REMIB (Mexico)


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4.




How it works
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SALVIAS components
  • Inventory database
  • Specimen search engine (SpecDQ)
  • Taxonomic module (SynTaxDQ)
  • Geocoordinate parsing and estimation module
  • Links to external data sources
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SALVIAS  Components
  • SpecDQ


  • Point occurences
    • Specimens
    • Checklists
    • Inventories
  • In-house + external databases
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Inventory database
  • MySQL relational database, on a unix server
  • Accomodates:
    • Different sampling units (individuals, species cover and abundance, species presence/absence)
    • Repeat censuses
    • Taxonomic uncertainty (e.g., morphospecies)
  • Automatic updating of determinations for vouchered species
  • Intellectual property rights: data providers sets access conditions and restrictions
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Inventory database
  • Current holdings
  • Gentry 0.1 ha dataset (n = 228)
  • Boyle 0.1 ha dataset (n = 37)
  • RAINFOR 0.1 ha plots (n = 123)


  • Early 2003:
  • North America (USGS; n = 500)
  • Borneo (Cam Webb; n = 30)
  • other “legacy” data? (e.g., Whittaker plots)
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Taxonomy module:
SynTaxDQ
  • Finds synonyms, lower taxa, and other linked names from existing taxonomic databases (e.g., Tropicos, IPNI)


  • Within regions, interpret names according to synonymized checklists (e.g., USDA Plants, Flora of Peru, Flora of China)
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SynTaxDQ overview
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SynTaxDQ overview
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SynTaxDQ overview
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SynTaxDQ overview
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SynTaxDQ overview
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Specimen Search Engine:
SpecDQ
  • passes species name or list of species names to multiple specimen databases
  • searches online herbarium specimen databases, plus additional databases held locally
  • returns georeference point occurences of species
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SpecDQ overview
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SpecDQ overview
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SpecDQ overview
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SpecDQ overview
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SpecDQ overview
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SpecDQ overview
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Example: using
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Step 2: SynTaxDQ: sample output
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Step 3: SpecDQ, sample output
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Step 4: mapping and analysis
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Recent analyses
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Endemism of Neotropical forest communities
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Endemism of Neotropical forest communities
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Weiser et al., 2002 (IBS 2002 meetings)
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Weiser et al., 2002 (IBS 2002 meetings)
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For more information
  • SALVIAS website launched November 2002






  • http://eeb37.biosci.arizona.edu/~salvias/main.html
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